PSG has now claimed the prestigious cup on fourteen separate occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a perfect penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in the Gulf and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions title.
The European champions appeared to be coasting towards a straightforward win in the match between the French league winners and the French Cup winners after Ousmane Dembele found the scoring in the opening stages.
Yet, Marseille struck twice late to seize a surprise lead. Initially, Mason Greenwood scored from the penalty spot, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable turn of events, Goncalo Ramos snatched a crucial leveler in the final moments to force the match into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then stood as the key figure, saving decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and the young talent all scored successfully for PSG to seal a convincing shootout victory.
The record winners PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the 12th time in the last thirteen years.